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Sains Malaysiana 53(8)(2024): 1843-1858 http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5308-10
Establishing the Association between Ankylosing
Spondylitis and Its
Comorbidities Based on Their Shared Pathways
(Penentuan Asosiasi antara Ankylosing Spondylitis dan Komorbiditinya Berdasarkan Tapak Jalan Sepunya)
ALHASSAN
USMAN BELLO1, SARAHANI HARUN1, NOR AFIQAH-ALENG2,
RAJALINGHAM SAKTHISWARY3 & ZETI-AZURA MOHAMED-HUSSEIN4,5,*
1Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
2Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine
Biotechnology (ICAMB), Universiti Malaysia
Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
3Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
4UKM Medical
Molecular Biology Institute, UKM Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
5Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and
Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Received:
30 March 2024/Accepted: 25 June 2024
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoimmune and
inflammatory arthritis associated with various comorbidities, such as axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA),
cardiovascular disease (CD), Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), rheumatic fever
(RF), and vasculitis (Vs). The co-occurrence of these comorbidities underlies
the molecular mechanisms of complex biological interactions shared by
dysfunctional pathways. We used network biology and computational methods to
establish association between biological processes
and molecular mechanisms in AS and its comorbidities. The findings showed
significant association between twelve shared pathways in AS and its
comorbidities. These shared pathways are associated with pathobiological processes, such as immune responses, inflammatory responses and cellular signaling responses, in AS and its comorbidities. Nine of
these pathways are involved in signaling, two are
involved in the metabolic processes, and one is involved in the regulatory
processes in AS and its comorbidities. In conclusion, this work highlights
specific and common shared pathways in AS and its comorbidities. These findings
provide information on key shared pathways that can be used to explain the pathobiological processes of AS and its comorbidities and
can help in therapeutic discovery towards accurate diagnosis and effective
treatment.
Keywords: Ankylosing spondylitis;
comorbidities; network biology; protein-protein interaction; shared pathways
Abstrak
Ankylosing spondilitis (AS) adalah penyakit artritis auto-imun dan
keradangan yang berkait dengan pelbagai komorbiditi seperti spondiloartritis
paksi (axSpA), penyakit kardiovaskular (CD), sindrom Guillain-Barre (GBS),
demam reumatik (RF) dan vaskulitis (Vs). Kewujudan bersama komorbiditi ini
mendasari mekanisme molekul bagi interaksi biologi kompleks yang dikongsi oleh
tapak jalan tidak berfungsi. Pendekatan jaringan biologi dan
pengkomputeran telah digunakan untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara proses biologi dan mekanisme
molekul dalam AS dan komorbiditinya. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan hubungan yang
signifikan antara dua belas tapak jalan sepunya dalam AS dan komorbiditinya.
Tapak jalan sepunya ini dikaitkan dengan proses patobiologi seperti tindak
balas imun, tindak balas keradangan dan tindak balas pengisyaratan sel dalam AS
dan komorbiditinya. Sebanyak sembilan daripada tapak jalan ini terlibat dalam
pengisyaratan, dua terlibat dalam proses metabolik dan satu tapak jalan
terlibat dalam proses pengawalaturan dalam AS dan komorbiditinya.
Kesimpulannya, kajian ini menyerlahkan tapak jalan sepunya khusus dan umum
dalam AS dan komorbiditinya. Penemuan ini memberikan maklumat mengenai tapak
jalan sepunya yang boleh digunakan untuk menerangkan proses patobiologi AS dan
komorbiditinya serta boleh membantu dalam penemuan terapeutik ke arah diagnosis
yang tepat dan rawatan yang berkesan.
Kata kunci: Ankylosing spondylitis; interaksi
protein-protein; jaringan biologi; komorbiditi; tapak jalan sepunya
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